A Polymorphism in the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Is Associated With Smoking Behaviour

Thomas C. Baghai, MD; Gabriella Varallo-Bedarida, MD; Christoph Born, MD; Sibylle Hafner, MD; Cornelius Schule, MD; Daniela Eser, MD; Clemens von Schacky, MD; Rainer Rupprecht, MD; Brigitta Bondy, MD

J Clin Psychiatry 2008;69(12):1983-1985

Abstract

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Sir: Nicotine abuse and dependence is a complex addictivedisorder with a pronounced genetic background. In addition, itis one of the strongest risk factors for cardiovascular disorders(CVD). It has been extensively discussed whether the knownhigh comorbidity between CVD and major depressive disorder(MDD) is more likely determined by biological, such as genetic,variables or by behavioral changes caused by depression,which in turn enhance cardiovascular risks. Functional polymorphismsof the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) geneare susceptibility factors for MDD.' ‹