Telehealth Collaborative Care Led by Clinical Pharmacists for People With Psychosis or Bipolar Disorder: A Propensity Weighted Comparison With Usual Psychiatric Care
This article is available to members only. Please enjoy the abstract for free. Subscribe for instant access to the full article.
This content is restricted to subscribers
Continue Reading...
Did you know members enjoy unlimited free PDF downloads as part of their subscription? Subscribe today for instant access to this article and our entire library in your preferred format. Alternatively, you can purchase the PDF of this article individually.
Members enjoy free PDF downloads on all articles. Join today
Author Affiliations
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Drs Iturralde and Fazzolari are co-first authors
Corresponding Author: Esti Iturralde, PhD, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 ([email protected])
Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Drs Iturralde and Fazzolari are co-first authors
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
References (67)
Charlson FJ, Ferrari AJ, Santomauro DF, et al. Global epidemiology and burden of schizophrenia: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Schizophr Bull. 2018;44(6):1195–1203. PubMedCrossRef
Merikangas KR, Jin R, He J-P, et al. Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the world mental health survey initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(3):241–251. PubMedCrossRef
De Hert M, Correll CU, Bobes J, et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders, I: prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry. 2011;10(1):52–77. PubMedCrossRef
Wade M, Tai S, Awenat Y, et al. A systematic review of service-user reasons for adherence and nonadherence to neuroleptic medication in psychosis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017;51:75–95. PubMedCrossRef
Kreyenbuhl J, Nossel IR, Dixon LB. Disengagement from mental health treatment among individuals with schizophrenia and strategies for facilitating connections to care: a review of the literature. Schizophr Bull. 2009;35(4):696–703. PubMedCrossRef
Higashi K, Medic G, Littlewood KJ, et al. Medication adherence in schizophrenia: factors influencing adherence and consequences of nonadherence, a systematic literature review. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2013;3(4):200–218. PubMedCrossRef
Walker ER, McGee RE, Druss BG. Mortality in mental disorders and global disease burden implications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(4):334–341. PubMedCrossRef
Olfson M, Gerhard T, Huang C, et al. Premature mortality among adults with schizophrenia in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(12):1172–1181. PubMedCrossRef
Iturralde E, Slama N, Kline-Simon AH, et al. Premature mortality associated with severe mental illness or substance use disorder in an integrated health care system. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2021;68:1–6. PubMedCrossRef
Perkins R, Rinaldi M. Unemployment rates among patients with long-term mental health problems: a decade of rising unemployment. Psychiatr Bull. 2002;26(8):295–298. CrossRef
Correll CU, Detraux J, De Lepeleire J, et al. Effects of antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers on risk for physical diseases in people with schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. World Psychiatry. 2015;14(2):119–136. PubMedCrossRef
Chwastiak LA, Rosenheck RA, Kazis LE. Association of psychiatric illness and obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking among a national sample of veterans. Psychosomatics. 2011;52(3):230–236. PubMedCrossRef
American Diabetes Association; American Psychiatric Association; American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; North American Association for the Study of Obesity. Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(2):596–601. PubMedCrossRef
Mangurian C, Schillinger D, Newcomer JW, et al. Diabetes screening among antipsychotic-treated adults with severe mental illness in an integrated delivery system: a retrospective cohort study. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(1):79–86. PubMedCrossRef
Melamed OC, Wong EN, LaChance LR, et al. Interventions to improve metabolic risk screening among adult patients taking antipsychotic medication: a systematic review. Psychiatr Serv. 2019;70(12):1138–1156. PubMedCrossRef
Solmi M, Fiedorowicz J, Poddighe L, et al. Disparities in screening and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in patients with mental disorders across the world: systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 observational studies. Am J Psychiatry. 2021;178(9):793–803. PubMedCrossRef
Hsueh L, Iturralde E, Slama NE, et al. Cardiometabolic monitoring and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of youths prescribed antipsychotic medications. Psychiatr Serv. 2023;74(8):801–808. PubMedCrossRef
Institute of Medicine. Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions. National Academy Press; 2006.
Totura CMW, Fields SA, Karver MS. The role of the therapeutic relationship in psychopharmacological treatment outcomes: a meta-analytic review. Psychiatr Serv. 2018;69(1):41–47. PubMedCrossRef
Druss BG, von Esenwein SA, Compton MT, et al. A randomized trial of medical care management for community mental health settings: the Primary Care Access, Referral, and Evaluation (PCARE) study. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(2):151–159. PubMedCrossRef
Jones S, Howard L, Thornicroft G. “Diagnostic overshadowing”: worse physical health care for people with mental illness. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2008;118(3):169–171. PubMedCrossRef
Thornicroft G, Rose D, Kassam A. Discrimination in health care against people with mental illness. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2007;19(2):113–122. PubMedCrossRef
Kisely S, Campbell LA, Wang Y. Treatment of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals with psychosis under universal healthcare. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;195(6):545–550. PubMedCrossRef
Katon WJ, Seelig M. Population-based care of depression: team care approaches to improving outcomes. J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50(4):459–467. PubMedCrossRef
Gilbody S, Bower P, Fletcher J, et al. Collaborative care for depression: a cumulative meta-analysis and review of longer-term outcomes. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(21):2314–2321. PubMedCrossRef
Panagioti M, Bower P, Kontopantelis E, et al. Association between chronic physical conditions and the effectiveness of collaborative care for depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73(9):978–989. PubMedCrossRef
Coleman KJ, Dreskin M, Hackett DL, et al. A roadmap for institutionalizing collaborative care for depression in a large integrated healthcare system. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(suppl 2):839–848. PubMedCrossRef
Katon WJ, Lin EH, Von Korff M, et al. Collaborative care for patients with depression and chronic illnesses. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(27):2611–2620. PubMedCrossRef
Reilly S, Planner C, Gask L, et al. Collaborative care approaches for people with severe mental illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(11):CD009531. PubMedCrossRef
Kilbourne AM, Barbaresso MM, Lai Z, et al. Improving physical health in patients with chronic mental disorders: 12-month results from a randomized controlled collaborative care trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;78(1):129–137. PubMedCrossRef
Bauer MS, McBride L, Williford WO, et al; Cooperative Studies Program 430 Study Team. Collaborative care for bipolar disorder, part I: intervention and implementation in a randomized effectiveness trial. Psychiatr Serv. 2006;57(7):927–936. PubMedCrossRef
Gertner AK, Grove LR, Swietek KE, et al. Enhanced primary care for people with serious mental illness: a propensity weighted cohort study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2023;84(3):22m14496. PubMedCrossRef
Goldstone LW, DiPaula BA, Werremeyer A, et al. The role of board-certified psychiatric pharmacists in expanding access to care and improving patient outcomes. Psychiatr Serv. 2021;72(7):794–801. PubMedCrossRef
Eaves S, Gonzalvo J, Hamm JA, et al. The evolving role of the pharmacist for individuals with serious mental illness. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash DC). 2020;60(5S):S11–S14. PubMedCrossRef
Heisler M, Hofer TP, Schmittdiel JA, et al. Improving blood pressure control through a clinical pharmacist outreach program in patients with diabetes mellitus in 2 high-performing health systems: the adherence and intensification of medications cluster randomized, controlled pragmatic trial. Circulation. 2012;125(23):2863–2872. PubMedCrossRef
Ridout KK, Ridout SJ, Alavi M, et al. Evaluating implementation and outcomes of the achieving depression and anxiety patient-centered treatment collaborative care program in a large, integrated health care system: a mixed methods observational study protocol. Perm J. 2022;26(4):39–48. PubMedCrossRef
Conway SJ, Kumar P, Nothelle S. Evolution of the care manager: redefining best practices in the COVID-19 era. Popul Health Manag. 2022;25(1):8–10. PubMedCrossRef
Iturralde E, Fazzolari L, Shia M, et al. Closing the care gap for people with severe and persistent mental illness: collaborative care, telehealth, and clinical pharmacy. NEJM Catal. 2022;3(5):CAT.21.0417. PubMedCrossRef
Gordon N. Similarity of adult Kaiser Permanente members to the adult population in Kaiser Permanente’s Northern California service area: comparisons based on the 2017/2018 cycle of the California Health Interview Survey. Oakland, CA: Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research; 2020. Accessed July 14, 2022. https://memberhealthsurvey.kaiser.org/Documents/compare_kp_ncal_chis2017-18.pdf
Ogrinc G, Davies L, Goodman D, et al. Squire 2.0 (Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence): revised publication guidelines from a detailed consensus process. Am J Crit Care. 2015;24(6):466–473. PubMedCrossRef
Peterson AM, Nau DP, Cramer JA, et al. A checklist for medication compliance and persistence studies using retrospective databases. Value Health. 2007;10(1):3–12. PubMedCrossRef
Hess LM, Raebel MA, Conner DA, et al. Measurement of adherence in pharmacy administrative databases: a proposal for standard definitions and preferred measures. Ann Pharmacother. 2006;40(7-8):1280–1288. PubMedCrossRef
Firth J, Siddiqi N, Koyanagi A, et al. The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019;6(8):675–712. PubMedCrossRef
Hackman AL, Goldberg RW, Brown CH, et al. Use of emergency department services for somatic reasons by people with serious mental illness. Psychiatr Serv. 2006;57(4):563–566. PubMedCrossRef
Merrick EL, Perloff J, Tompkins CP. Emergency department utilization patterns for Medicare beneficiaries with serious mental disorders. Psychiatr Serv. 2010;61(6):628–631. PubMedCrossRef
Laraia BA, Karter AJ, Warton EM, et al. Place matters: neighborhood deprivation and cardiometabolic risk factors in the Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE). Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(7):1082–1090. PubMedCrossRef
Charlson ME, Charlson RE, Peterson JC, et al. The Charlson comorbidity index is adapted to predict costs of chronic disease in primary care patients. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61(12):1234–1240. PubMedCrossRef
Cook TD, Campbell DT, Shadish W. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Vol 1195. Houghton Mifflin; 2002.
Zeger SL, Liang K-Y. Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics. 1986;42(1):121–130. PubMedCrossRef
Little RJ, Rubin DB. Statistical Analysis With Missing Data. Vol. 793. John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
Freedman DA. On the so-called “Huber sandwich estimator” and “robust standard errors.” Am Stat. 2006;60(4):299–302. CrossRef
Thomas L, Li F, Pencina M. Using propensity score methods to create target populations in observational clinical research. JAMA. 2020;323(5):466–467. PubMedCrossRef
Schneeweiss S, Rassen JA, Glynn RJ, et al. High-dimensional propensity score adjustment in studies of treatment effects using health care claims data. Epidemiology. 2009;20(4):512–522. PubMedCrossRef
Guertin JR, Rahme E, Dormuth CR, et al. Head to head comparison of the propensity score and the high-dimensional propensity score matching methods. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2016;16(1):22. PubMedCrossRef
Thomas LE, Li F, Pencina MJ. Overlap weighting: a propensity score method that mimics attributes of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2020;323(23):2417–2418. PubMedCrossRef
Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behav Res. 2011;46(3):399–424. PubMedCrossRef
Li F, Thomas LE, Li F. Addressing extreme propensity scores via the overlap weights. Am J Epidemiol. 2019;188(1):250–257. PubMed
Reed M, Huang J, Graetz I, et al. Treatment and follow-up care associated with patient-scheduled primary care telemedicine and in-person visits in a large integrated health system. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(11):e2132793. PubMedCrossRef
Iturralde E, Weisner CM, Adams SR, et al. Patterns of health care use 5 years after an intervention linking patients in addiction treatment with a primary care practitioner. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(11):e2241338. PubMedCrossRef
Ridout KK, Alavi M, Ridout SJ, et al. Changes in diagnostic and demographic characteristics of patients seeking mental health care during the early COVID-19 pandemic in a large, community-based health care system. J Clin Psychiatry. 2021;82(2):20m13685. PubMedCrossRef
Firth J, Cotter J, Torous J, et al. Mobile phone ownership and endorsement of “mHealth” among people with psychosis: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Schizophr Bull. 2016;42(2):448–455. PubMedCrossRef
Robotham D, Satkunanathan S, Doughty L, et al. Do we still have a digital divide in mental health? a five-year survey follow-up. J Med Internet Res. 2016;18(11):e309. PubMedCrossRef
Bauer R, Glenn T, Strejilevich S, et al. Internet use by older adults with bipolar disorder: international survey results. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2018;6(1):20. PubMedCrossRef
Berry N, Lobban F, Emsley R, et al. Acceptability of interventions delivered online and through mobile phones for people who experience severe mental health problems: a systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2016;18(5):e121. PubMedCrossRef
Blanco C, Wall MM, Olfson M. Implications of telepsychiatry for cost, quality, and equity of mental health care. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022;79(12):1147–1148. PubMedCrossRef