Emerging Therapies for Bipolar Depression.

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To put the symptoms and illness outcomes of bipolar depression in proper context, David J. Kupfer, M.D., began by reviewing the symptoms of the 4 domains of bipolar disorder: manic mood and behavior, dysphoric mood and behavior, psychotic symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric illness characterized by depression and at least 1 manic or hypomanic episode during the lifetime course of the illness. Patients with bipolar disorder can have symptoms in more than one of these domains concurrently.