Depression: Links With Ischemic Heart Disease and Erectile Dysfunction

This article examines the relationships among depression, ischemic heart disease, and erectile dysfunction.Depression is an independent risk factor for the development of ischemic heart disease, anddepression in the post-myocardial infarction patient is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Ischemic heart disease and erectile dysfunction are also frequently comorbid and share manycommon risk factors including age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, sedentary lifestyle,and smoking. Depression and erectile dysfunction often occur together; however, the causal relationmay be difficult to determine because erectile dysfunction may be a symptom of depression, socialdistress accompanying erectile dysfunction may precipitate depressive symptoms, or both conditionsmay result from a common factor such as vascular disease.