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Among patients with schizophrenia, substantial evidence exists that metabolic risk factors for as well as risks of cardiovascular disease are far higher than in the general population. Accumulating evidence also suggests that certain atypical antipsychotic treatments are associated with metabolic disturbances that can further increase risks for developing metabolic/cardiovascular illnesses in patients with schizophrenia. Although precise mechanisms of antipsychotic agent-induced metabolic disturbances are not yet fully elucidated, insulin resistance and weight gain as well as their interrelationships appear to play crucial roles.’ ‹